绿片岩力学性质的实验研究

绿片岩的力学实验表明 ,在围压 45 0MPa条件下 ,岩石约于 45 0℃开始塑性变形。温度升至 5 5 0℃时变形加剧 ,原来直径为 10mm、高 2 0mm的均匀圆柱体变成直径为 10 8mm、高 17 4mm、中部变粗的不规则柱体。这一结果为解释青藏高原的地壳加厚提供了一定的实验依据     

Study on the relationship between geothermal exploitation and seismic activity in Xi’an region

Based on the analysis of the induced earthquakes in China and abroad, we get some ideas about earthquakes induced by pumping water out of a well or injecting water into a well. The induced earthquakes usually occur near the well, and they are generally small earthquakes. The earthquake sources are shallow, and they belong to the main shock-after shock type of earthquake or the swarm-type of earthquake. The magnitude and the quantity of the induced earthquakes obviously depend on the pressure and the quantity of water pumped or injected. These earthquakes happen as soon as pumping or injecting occurrence, or after ten or twenty days, they may occur at the time of injecting mud or injecting high pressure water when a well is being drilled, or at the time when the ground water is being normally exploited. A large quantity of hot water has been exploited since 1990 in Xi’an, and the quantity of water exploited has been increasing year by year, as a result the groundwater level has been dropping with the water pumped out and the water level is high in summer and low in winter. The earthquakes in Xi’an region belong to the solitary-type and they spread outside Xi’an city where the wells are concentrated but no earthquake happens. The seismic frequency and the energy released have no relation with the quantity of water exploitation or the water level in the well. It is considered that geothermal exploitation does not induce earthquakes in and around Xi’an because of its specially geological condition. Foundation item: Project sponsored by the Landslide Office of Shaanxi Province and Society of Disaster Reduction of Shaanxi Province.     

国内外泥浆材料的现状及发展趋势

系统介绍了泥浆材料的现状及发展趋势，重点叙述了水基泥浆、油基泥浆及合成基泥浆这3大类泥浆材料的现状及发展趋势。     

“科钻一井”一开泥浆技术

“科钻一井”一开井段采用了钠膨润土-高粘CMC泥浆体系，视漏失情况添加GD-Ⅲ随钻堵漏剂，满足了施工携带岩屑和堵漏防漏要求。介绍了该井一开井段的泥浆技术，并对泥浆成本进行了分析。     

西北区东部寒潮天气短期预报

分析了西北区东部寒潮短期预报的气候概况和环流特征，对不同类型寒潮个例进行归纳总结，组合成预报规则，建立了短期寒潮预报模式，输入计算机得出有无寒潮天气预报     

首都圈地区重力变化及其映震能力

对首都圈流动重力观测成果进行非潮汐信息的提取，得到了首都圈地区１９８４—１９９３年期间的重力动态变化图像，认为重力变化与区域构造活动有一定的相关性。以大于２倍均方差作为异常判断标准，统计了北京小网的段差重力异常与地震的对应关系。结果表明：对于测网内发生的４级左右的地震，有异常出现的段差数占总数的１６．９％，对于距测网１００ｋｍ以内发生的５级以上的地震有异常出现的段差数占总数的３７．５％。西北部测环的段差异常出现率比南部和东北部高。     

乌鲁木齐遥测地震台网监测能力综合评价

以台网的布愕和设备配置为依据，针对承担珠任务的设计指标，详细地介绍了乌鲁木齐遥，是地震台网的基本功能以及资料分析方法；结合考核运行期间记录地地震，分别对微震，强震和远震的监测能力以及适用范围做出评价，同时讨论了误差和存在的问题。     

砂土液化诱发地面侧移分析

分析了砂土液化诱发地面侧移的机理，提出了估计砂土液化诱发地面侧颓废不久位一种新方法。该方法是用饱和砂层中水压力的发展，在每个应力循环内对土壤的抗剪强度进行修正，然后在每个应力循环内应用Ｎｅｗｍａｒｋ刚性愉模型计算地面侧向永久位移，对比计算表明，本文提出的方法在物理机制上更加合理，计算结果与宏观震害现象十分吻合。     

用褶积积分和低通滤波方法处理沂水泉氡观测资料

多年来的观测分析表明,影响沂水泉氧值变化的最大干扰是降雨。由于这种干扰存在着滞后效应,所以用一般相关分析难以将这种影响排除干净。本文采用褶积积分方法较好地排除了降雨对沂水泉氧观测的影响。并用低通滤波方法,探讨了沂水泉氧的长趋势变化。     

一个引入近地层的土壤一植被－大气相互作用模式

本文在国外同类模式基础上，结合自己特点建立了一个土壤一植被－大气近地层的相互作用模式。在这个模式中，土壤和植被与大气之间的各种通量输送是与近地层大气进行的，而不是同较高层大气直接交换，更符合实际情况。以大气几十米高处的风、温度、湿度为输入参数，驱动运行本模式，进行敏感性试验，并用有限的观测数据相比较。结果证明，本模式能合理模拟土壤、植被、大气的温、湿以及各种通量的变化。进一步与中尺度大气模式耦合可以用于气候研究。